Carbureting apparatus.



PATENTED MAR. 31, 1908.

H. E. SMITH. GARBURBTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.1B.1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 883,249. PATENTED MAR. 31, 1908. H. E. SMITH.

CARBURETING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18,1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Fig.4:

Abram 6y.

.other.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

nunnn'r ELWEIJL SMITH, or EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND.

CABB'URE'IIN G AIPIE'ARA'FU'S.

Specification of Letters Patent.-

Patented March 31, 1908 Application fled larch 18, 1907. Serial No. 382,974.

ments in and Relating to Carbureting Apparatus, of which the following isa specifica.-

tlOIl; 1 This invention relates to anapparatus designed for the carbureting of air and consists in improved arrangements whereby the vaporization of the etrol or other hydrocarbon em loyed is faci itated. I

11 order that the hydrocarbon may be easily va orized it is desirable that it should be sprea out in the form of a thinlayer over which the air to be carburetedis caused to pass. It has been found that various difiiculties have been met with in practice in. the use of such carburetingapparatus. In articular where the carbureter is intende to work without heating there is a difliculty in that the rapid vaporization of the hydrocarbon causes the liquid to freeze when the vapo iization immediately ceases almost com-.

letely. ,Another difliculty arises from.v the act that the vaporization proceeds more easily at high than at low temperatures so that should there be any difference in temperature between different parts of the carureter the carbureted air 0 tained from the apparatus would not beconstant in compo sition but in some parts will be too rich in hydrocarbon and in other parts toopoor.

According to the present invention a cons'truction is employed by which the etrol is s read out over sloping surfaces w ichraiate from a point as for example conical or pyramidal surfaces: When extended into a sufficiently thin film the petrol may be allowed to flow vertically downward but if the s eed should be too great it may be checke by suitably shaping the surface over which it flows. To secure an even temperature the whole carbureter may be immersed in water or in some anti-freezing li uid and the efiect of this water or liquid jac et is accentuated by providing stirrlng apparatus which provents any dlflerence of temperature arising between one part'of the apparatus and an- The invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 shows one form of carbureter designed in accordance with this invention.

' and consequent moistening of the air.

' Fig. 2 is an enlarged. detail of the stirrin aparatus thereof. Fig. 3 shows a mo ified orm of carbureter, and Fig. 4a corresponding enlarged view of a' modified stirring apparatus. Fig. 5 shows yet. another modifiea tion of the stirring apparatus.

1 In Fig. 1 a is the containing vessel or chamber which incloses and protects the carbureter. Within this vessel is arranged the carbureter proper whichconsist's' of an'outer casing b comprising a series of chambers made out of thin sheet metal or the like and taking the shape ofcones or truncated cones ut base to base or arranged above and beow a cylindrical portion. Thus it will be seen that in Fig. 1 the uppermostchamber consists of two truncated cones put base to base while the lower chambers have a middle cylindrical portion. Within the outer casing 11 is a second casing a similar in shape so that between the two casings is left a s ace ofconsiderable area but small depth. his inner casing c is hollow and both it and the outer chamber a are adapted to be filled with water or other liquid up to thelevel indicated. The space between the casings I) and c is olpenat the top to the air space which is inc uded in the air-ti ht chamber a above the liquid. Air is supp ied by the pipe d to this space and passes into the carbureting chamber at e. A plate or the like 13 is provided between the air-pipe ,and the water seal to prevent excessive vaporization of the watgr e petrol is supplied by one or moreipes from a-suitable apparatus which shoul pre erably exactly proportion the quantity of petrol supplied to 1 the quantit of air assing. The vertical pipes f terminate in a orizontal circular pipe'g whichhas in it a number of mounted erforations through which the etrol is un' ormly distributed over the surace of the first cone of the dasin c.' In the center of the casing c is arran e .a vertical rod h, to which are attached 5 antin plates itv \ ting over the square end-Z of the rod h rotates.

The nut it is prevented from rising or falling out of its lace by means of one or more screws w ich pass through the bracketm into'a sibt gin the nut 72.. Upon the bracket m. are arranged wedge shaped projections 1' and on the nut n is a pivoted projections which is adapted to engage with the vertical sides of the rojections r in one direction and so prevent t e turning of the rod h, while in,

the other direction the projection s rides the slidin sides of the pro'ection's r. The carburete air yielded by t e carbu'reter is removed by,the pi e t. It has been foun that the vertical portion of the ath of the hydrocarbon is the most valuab e in the production of va or, the only drawback being the s eed at W ich the hydrocarbon travels; Y -he carbureter, therefore, may be modified. to take the form shown in Fig. 3. Here the containing vessel 0, remains as before. The outer casing 6 becomes now a simple cylinder or slightly "tapering cone 1) while the inner casin -c becomes also a cylinder w or is made s ightly conical but retains the conical or pyramidal top a: which is necessary for the distribution of the petrol. The space Within the casin w and also that between the casings 'u an vessel on may be filled as before with liquid. The petrol is admitted by the i es f and is distributed over the surface 0 t e cone or yramid a: by means of, a vertical rin or 001- ary which rests u on the cone an has its lower edge divide into saw teeth-through aps between which the etrolv slowly runs.

t will beseen that in t is form of carbureter there'is 'a large eictent of vertical or nearly vertical surface provided for the'petrol to flow over when once it has been spread out into a sufliciently thin layer by the cone at. Air enters by the pi e d as before and a combustible gas leaves y the pipe t. Stirrers k are again provided on the vertical rod h in the middle of the innercasing w but a modified form of 0 crating mechanism is shown for this rod. his mechanism appears more in detail Fig. 4 where it will be seen that on the to of the red It is mounted a bevel wheel 2, so t at it can-rotate freely upon the end of the rod. This bevel wheelz gears with bevel teeth on a vertical quadrant 5 which is pivotedat 2 and operated by links 3, 4 from some moving part ofthe air pump of the carbureting apparatus or by any prime motor. The sleeve attached to the bevel Wheel 2 has on itapivoted pawl 6 which moves over a By this, means al-uniform stirring ,form is that the petrol tends t bevel wheel 2 without moving the rod h beawl 6 moves freely. over the" cause the ratchet 7. n the other direction, however, the pawl engages with the ratchet and so turns the bracket 8 and through it the rod h.

in one direction isobtained just as by t e arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and-2. I

An alternative stirring apparatus is illustrated by Fig.5 which shows a vertical rod h which is here square in section'with two of the blades 7c.. These blades are supported one on either side upon the rod h by wings 10, pivoted to the rod by 'pins 11. -A second pin 12 projects from each wing-and is adapted to come in contact with the rod h. a The blade kis' free to move about the pivot 11 either upward or downward but its movement in each direction is limited upwardly by. the edge of the blade striking the rod hand downwardly by the pin 12 striking the rod.- When this form of apparatus is used the rod h is simply reciprocated vertically. During the upward movement the blades It: will assume their .lower position sloping downwards and consequently the liquid will tend to be forced round the container. In the downward movement the blades It will assume' the upper position but againthe liquid will be forced in the same direction round the container. this way as before a continuous circulation of. liquid will be maintained, the liquid passing forward from the blades in a circular direc- 7 tion around the central space.

.It will be clear that either form of stirring device may be used with either form of carvbureter. Moreover the construction of the carbureter is not precisely limited to; the two forms shown since modifications of these forms can easily be made. 1 for-example is intended to suggest'that a carbureter might be madeof a series of sim le conical chambers like the .uppermost c amber in that figure or of course all the chambers might e ,like the lower one shown. The

form of carbureter shownin 3 is simply derived from that in Fig. 1 by enlargi' the cylindrical part of the chambers. As a we e of this 0W rather too quickl down the vertical path. To hinder this t e cylindrical side of the casing in may be corru ated or may be covered with gauze solders to it, or by suitable means the mentioned the only disadvanlta .surfaces may be roughened by a small projection upon it Any such device as, this will suffice to slightly check the rate of flow of petrol and so aid in the eflicient vaporization. A drain cock may be provided in the bottom of the carbureting chamber as indicated at 13 in 'Fig. 3 in case of accidental .fiooding from an cause, for ordinarily it will be found that t e hydrocarbon is so coma narrow space between the two, hydroCarbon and air supply'pipes and an exit pipe.

2. In carbureting apparatus the com ination of an inner casing having surfaces at first sloping down from a center. in such manner as to be adapted to'spread out a hydrocarbon and afterwards nearly vertical, with an outer casing closely fitting said inner casing, but leaving a narrow space between the two, hydrocarbon and air supply pipes and an exit pipe.

In carbureting ap aratus the combination of an inner casing aving upper surfaces sloping down from a center in suchmanner as to be adapted to spread out a hydrocarbon, with an outer casing inclosing and closely fitting said inner casing so as to leave a narrow space between the two, means for distributing the hydrocarbon about the center of said upper surfaces, hydrocarbon and air su ply pipes and an exit pipe.

4. n carbureting apparatus the combination of an inner casing having upper surfaces sloping down from a center in such a manner as to be adapted to spread out ahydrocarbon, with an outer casing inclosing and closely fitting said inner casing so as to leave 'a narrow space between the two, hydrocarbon supply pipes terminating in a perforated channel surrounding the center of said upper surfaces, an air supply pipe and an exit 1 )e. p 5. In carbureting apparatus the combination of an inner casing having upper surfaces slopin down from a center and adapted to sprea casing closely fitting said inner casing so as to leave a narrow space between the two, hydrocarbon and air supply pipes, an exit pipe, a containing. vessel surrounding said casings and ada ted to hold liquid which is in contact with both casings, and means for stirring said liquid, said means comprising a vertical rod passing through the center of the inner casing and carrying blades, with mechanism for causing the movement of said blades.

6. In carbureting apparatus the combination of an inner casing having upper surfaces slopin down from a center and adapted to sprea out a hydrocarbon, with an outer casing closely fitting said inner casing so as to leave a narrow space between the two, hydrocarbon and air supply pipes, an exit pipe, a containing vessel surrounding said casings and adapted to hold liquid which is in contact with 0th casings, and means for stirring said liquid, said means comprising a vertical-rod passing through the center of the inner casing, mechanism for causing the reciprocation of said rod, and blades attached' to said rod so as to move relatively to it upon reversal of the motion of the rod.

7 In carburetingapparatus the combination of an inner casinghaving upper surfaces sloping down from a center and adapted to spread out a hydrocarbon with an outer casing closely fitting said inner casing so as to leave a narrow space between the two, a containing vessel surrounding said casings and adapted to be filled with liquid, hydrocarbon and air supply pipes, a shieldto prevent evaporation of the water and an exit pi e.

lntestimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HUBERT ELWELL SMITH. Witnesses:

ALBERT EDWARD ODELL, LEONARD EDMUND HAYNES.

out a hydrocarbon with an outer. 

